Intro to climate change

What is climate? 

• Weather vs. Climate: Crash Course Kids #28.1, Crash Course Kids
• What’s the Difference Between Weather and Climate?, NOAA
• What’s the difference between weather and climate?, University Corporation for Atmospheric Research
• What's the difference between weather and climate?, NASA Climate Change

Sunlight and our atmosphere 

• What is Earth’s Energy Budget? Five Questions with a Guy Who Knows, NASA
• NASA: Why does the Sun Matter for Earth’s Energy Budget?, NASA Goddard

Greenhouse gases

• How Do Greenhouse Gases Actually Work?, Minute Earth
• Global Warming: The Physics of the Greenhouse Effect, PBS Learning Media
• Meet the Greenhouse Gases!, Climate Kids NASA

Carbon cycle

• Carbon Sources and Sinks, National Geographic
• What are carbon sinks? | Sustainability for all - ACCIONA,  Acciona
• The Ocean, a carbon sink – Ocean & Climate Platform, Ocean & Climate Platform

Our carbon footprint

• Calculate Your Carbon Footprint, The Nature Conservancy
• Ecological Footprint, Global Footprint Network
• Simpleshow Explains the Carbon Footprint, simpleshow
• Living Large, Our Climate Our Future Ep. 2
• The Carbon Footprint of a Sandwich, NPR's Skunk Bear
• Ecological Footprint Calculator, Global Footprint Network

How do we measure climate change?

• Global Climate Indicators, Global Climate Observing System (GCOS)
• Measuring & Analyzing Greenhouse Gases, NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory
• How do we observe today's climate?, Climate.gov
• Climate Models, Climate.gov
• Operation IceBridge, NASA
• How do scientists measure global temperature?, CarbonBrief
• About Ice Cores, NSF Ice Core Facility
• Paleoclimatology Datasets, NOAA
• The Very Simple Climate Model, University Corporation for Atmospheric Research
• Northern Hemisphere Climate Reconstruction [image], IPCC
• The relentless rise of carbon dioxide [image], NASA
• A Timeline of Earth's Average Temperature [image], xkcd.com
• Monthly global-mean temperatures since January 1979 [image], GCOS

Why does climate change matter?

• Climate change: Earth's giant game of Tetris, TED-Ed
• Interactive Map of Youth Climate Stories, Our Climate Our Future

Weather impacts

• Does Climate Change Cause Extreme Weather?, Above The Noise
• Why We're Seeing A Lot More 100-Year Floods and Storms, The YEARS Project
• Extreme Weather, Center for Climate and Energy Solutions
• A Siege of 80 Large, Uncontained Wildfires Sweeps the Hot, Dry West, Inside Climate News
• Interactive geographic map, Climate Central
• How a warmer Arctic could intensify extreme weather, Vox news
• The Gulf Stream Explained, Kurzgesagt
• How Will Climate Change Impact the Gulf Stream?, Columbia University Earth Institute
• Are we Running Out Of Drinking Water?, The YEARS Project
• Our Global Water Crisis, Explained, Our Changing Climate

Deforestation

• What happens if you cut down all of a city's trees?, TED-Ed
• Can trees really fight climate change?, It's Okay To Be Smart
• Deforestation 101, National Geographic
• Amazon forest fire: What it tells us about deforestation, Global News
• Forest fire & Climate Change, Global Forest Watch
• Deforestation and Forest Degradation, WWF
• The Hidden Link Between Bats, COVID-19, and Climate Change, climatedu
• What is Deforestation?, You Matter
• What is Deforestation?, One Tree Planted

Ice sheets and glaciology

• What If All The Ice Melted On Earth?, AsapSCIENCE
• Study Predicts More Long-Term Sea Level Rise from Greenland Ice, NASA
• Understanding Sea Level, NASA
• World of Change: Collapse of the Larsen-B Ice Shelf, NASA
• Global Ice Viewer, NASA
• NASA’s Operation IceBridge Completes Eleven Years of Polar Surveys, NASA
• Modeling the future of the Greenland Ice Sheet, NASA video
• Greenland's rapid melt will mean more flooding, NASA
• Glaciers and Glacial Landforms, National Park Service

Rising sea levels  

• The Water Cycle and Climate Change, University Corporation for Atmospheric Research
• Sea level rise, facts and information, National Geographic
• Sea level rise is getting worse. Here's what you need to know, Our Changing Climate
• NOAA Sea Level Rise Viewer, realistic but not very impactful
• Global cities at risk from sea level rise, Google Earth
• Are Coastal Nuclear Power Plants Ready for Sea Level Rise?, Hakai Magazine
• The Internet Is Drowning, National Geographic

Ocean acidification

• What is Ocean Acidification?, NOAA
• Ocean Acidification by the Alliance for Climate Education, Alliance for Climate Education
• Global Aragonite Visualizer, NOAA

Algae blooms

• What are toxic algae blooms?, Environmental Working Group
• What is a harmful algae bloom?, NOAA

Species extinction

• Can wildlife adapt to climate change?, TED-Ed
• Why is biodiversity so important?, TED-Ed
• Biodiversity is collapsing worldwide. Here's why, Our Changing Climate
• Mosquitoes Are Getting Deadlier, The YEARS Project
• Climate Change And Infectious Diseases, World Health Organization

Human health

• Climate Change and Health, Cambridge Public Health Department
• Extreme Heat and Health, NRDC
• The First Undeniable Climate Change Deaths, EOS
• How Humidity Makes Heat More Deadly: The Heat Index Explained, The YEARS Project
• Extreme Allergies and Climate Change, Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America
• Climate Change is Making Allergy Season Worse, CNN
• Climate Change Is Having Widespread Health Impacts, Scientific American
• How Dengue, a Deadly Mosquito-Borne Disease, Could Spread in a Warming World, The New York Times
• Ticks and Climate Change, The YEARS Project
• Warmer Water and Flooding Increase the Risk of Illness and Injury, CDC
• Flooding and Climate Change: Everything You Need to Know, NRDC

Economic impacts

• Stronger action on climate change would benefit the economy, study finds, CBS News
• Hot Temperatures Decrease Worker Productivity, Economic Output, UChicago EPIC
• Impact of Climate Conditions on Occupational Health and Related Economic Losses, Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health
• Global Fisheries Will Lose $10B A Year to Climate Change by 2050, Forbes
• Industrial Agriculture and Small-Scale Farming, Agriculture at a Crossroads
• Climate Change to Exacerbate Rising Food Prices, Columbia University Earth Institute
• Shifting Wealth and the Consequences of Rising Food Prices on Social Cohesion, OECD

Food security

• How Climate Change Will Alter Our Food, Columbia University Earth Institute
• Climate Change, Global Food Security, and the U.S. Food System, NCAR & UCAR
• Agriculture and Food Security, World Economic Forum
• Climate Change And Food Security, United Nations

Climate change vs. equity

• This is inequity at the boiling point, The New York Times
• "Climate apartheid" between rich and poor looms, UN expert warns, BBC
• Climate change in the US will hurt poor people the most, according to a bombshell federal report, CNBC
• Why Climate Change Affects Poor Neighborhoods The Most, TIME
• Climate Change Will Force the Poor From Their Homes, Wired
• The climate crisis, migration, and refugees, Brookings
• The Great Climate Migration Has Begun, The New York Times
• There's a Climate Threat Facing Pacific Islands That's More Dire Than Losing Land, ScienceAlert
• Climate Change and Indigenous Peoples, United Nations
• Ocean Acidification and Pacific Islands, International Alliance to Combat Ocean Acidification
• Emerging Issues for Small Island Developing States, UN Environment Programme
• Trouble in Paradise, Climate Reality Project
• The Pacific Islands, 23rd UN Climate Change Conference
• Acting on Climate Change & Disaster Risk for the Pacific, The World Bank
• Lessons From the Pacific Islands, Frontiers in Marine Science

Energy

• What is energy?, U.S. Energy Information Administration
• A guide to the energy of the earth, TED-Ed

Energy Sources

• The EmPOWERS Activity Kit, Climate Change Maryland
• The fight to rethink (and reinvent) nuclear power, Climate Lab
• How do solar panels work?, TED-Ed
• What's the deal with fracking?, @climateduteam
• The hidden costs of fossil fuels, Union of Concerned Scientists

Air pollution

• See How the World’s Most Polluted Air Compares With Your City’s, New York Times
• Power Plants Emit Three Times the Pollution of All the Nation’s Cars., Environment America

Renewable energy solutions

• Could this be the solution to 100% renewable energy?, Our Changing Climate
• The Biggest Lie About Renewable Energy, AsapSCIENCE

Innovative energy technologies

• Power to X, Cleaner Production Germany
• Power to X in simple terms, Bundesumweltministerium
• Power to X Chemistry,  IET Institute for Energy Technology
• Watch the world's first floating wind farm ride the waves, National Geographic
• How floating wind farms could change our future, Tom Carroll
• 2020 Vision: five floating wind power technologies to watch this year, ReCharge

Waste

America's disposable lifestyle

• How Humans are Turning the World into Plastic, Kurzgesagt
• What really happens to the plastic you throw away, TED-Ed

Marine plastic pollution

• The Great Pacific Garbage Patch Explained, The Ocean Cleanup
• The Price Tag of Plastic Pollution, The Ocean Cleanup
• The Price Tag of Plastic Pollution article, The Ocean Cleanup and Deloitte
• The World's Plastic Pollution Crisis explained, The National Geographic
• An Unexpected Dinner Guest, The New York Times
• Why We Need to Stop Plastic Pollution in Our Oceans FOR GOOD, Oceana

Can't we just recycle?

• Recycling is broken. Here's how we can fix it, It's Okay To Be Smart
• Going green shouldn't be this hard, Climate Lab
• Is your plastic actually being recycled?, NYT Opinion
• What is recycling & what to recycle, Waste Management
• Is it or isn't it recyclable?, The YEARS Project

Composting

• What is composting and how does it work?, NowThis Earth
• What to compost, The Spruce
• Manufacturer takeback programs in the U.S., Electronics TakeBack Coalition
• Why bioplastics will not solve the world's plastic problem, Yale Environment 360
• Why composting sites are banning compostable plastics, NowThis Earth

Reusable solutions

• What is zero waste?, Recycling Council of British Columbia
• Zero Waste Grocery Store, Goodful
• Takeout creates a lot of trash. It doesn't have to, Climate Lab
• Ultimate list of zero-waste swaps, Almost Zero Waste

Fast fashion

• The life cycle of a t-shirt, TED-Ed
• Sustainability of the fashion industry, UK Parliament
• A new textiles economy, Ellen MacArthur Foundation
• Is fast fashion destroying our environment?, Our Changing Climate
• 4 reasons why sustainable fashion is so expensive, Aurorei
• FABSCRAP helps fashion brands put an end to textile waste, NowThis Earth

Sustainability and privilege

• What the sustainable movement is missing about privilege, i-D
• Being Black and Zero-Waste Ish, BuzzFeed

Food

Land and water usage

• Are we running out of clean water?, TED-Ed
• Special Report on Climate Change and Land, IPCC

Diet

• The diet that helps fight climate change, Climate Lab
• The Hidden Costs of Hamburgers, Center for Investigative Reporting
• Quiz: Do you know how your diet affects the planet?,  Climate Lab
• How our diets impact climate change — and what we can do about it, NBC News

Food transportation

• Do food miles really matter?, Harvard University
• Food Transportation, Oregon.gov
• Failing to go the distance: what's the beef with food miles?, TEDx
• Food & Transportation — The Conscious Challenge, The Conscious Challenge

Food waste

• Food waste is the world's dumbest problem, Climate Lab
• Can behavioral psychology help stop food waste?, UC Science Today
• Food Waste in America in 2021: Statistics & Facts,  RTS

Fishing and aquaculture

• Fishing With Dynamite Is Harmful - Why Does It Persist?, National Geographic
• What Is Aquaculture and Why Do We Need It?, Global Aquaculture Alliance
• Underwater farms vs. climate change, TED-Ed
• Aquaculture, A false fish economy?, Roundtable
• The Importance of Sustainable Aquaculture in Our Future, TEDx

Farms of the future

• Can we create the perfect farm?, TED-Ed
• Can regenerative agriculture reverse climate change?, NowThis
• “Trails of Regeneration,” a video series, Regeneration International
• Regeneration International » Why Regenerative Agriculture?, Regeneration International
• What is permaculture (and why should I care?), Our Changing Climate
• What is permaculture?, Heather Jo Flores

Transportation

Public vs. private transportation

• Public Transportation Reduces Greenhouse Gases and Conserves Energy, American Public Transportation Association
• Fast Facts on Transportation Greenhouse Gas Emissions, United States Environmental Protection Agency
• Everything You Need to Know About the Fastest-Growing Source of Global Emissions: Transport, World Resources Institute
• Climate change and transport, The Conscious Challenge
• Climate Change and Public Transportation, Bus Industry Confederation
• Why is public transportation is good for the environment?, National Express Transit
• A Plan For Zero Carbon Emissions, The YEARS Project

Buying local

• The environmental cost of free two-day shipping, Vox

Solutions

• I've seen a future without cars, and it's amazing, The New York Times
• Future Of Green Transportation May Be 16-Ton Possum That Passengers Cling To Like Babies, [Satire example] The Onion
• What is satire?, Oregon State University
• Biking Took Off During the COVID-19 Pandemic, Here's Why, NowThis Earth
• Types of Electric Vehicles, EVgo
• Electric Vehicle Outlook 2020, Bloomberg NEF

Urbanization

Urban heat islands

• How many people will live in urban areas in the future?, Our World in Data
• Urban Heat Islands, Science Museum of Virginia
• Heatwaves: Number of deadly heat days, University of Hawaii at Manoa
• How a hot city can keep its cool, Grist
• Reduce Urban Heat Island Effect, EPA

Thermal inversions

• Causes of Inversion, UCAIR
• Climate change has led to more temperature inversions and the rise of  'super pollution events', GreenBiz

Photochemical smog

• The science of smog, TED-Ed
• Effect of O3 on Yield of Crops, ARS USDA
• Why cities should plant more trees, Vox

Industry

• How does fracking work?, TED-Ed
• LKAB invests up to €39bn in massive transformation for carbon-free future, The Barents Observer
• Environmental Impacts of Mining, WMAN
• The Devastating Effects of Gold Mining, NowThis World
• South America’s Lithium Boom: A Blessing Or A Curse?, NowThis World
• How Sand Mining Destroys One Home to Build Another, National Geographic
• My Water Is Not Safe To Drink, National Geographic
• The Keystone XL Pipeline Debate Explained, NowThis World
• What is the Keystone Pipeline?, NRDC (optional)
• Environmental Pollution Caused by Factories, Sciencing
• Photos: Worst Superfund Sites in the US, Fortune
• MAP: See the toxic sites near you that are threatened by climate change, NBC News
• A growing toxic threat - made worse by climate change, NBC News
• Population Surrounding 1,857 Superfund Remedial Sites, EPA
• Newtown Creek: North Brooklyn Boat Club, On a Superfund Site, ToxicSites (optional)
• Wastewater Treatment Process, NYC Environmental Protection (optional)
• Lead Pollution is Poisoning Children in Bangladesh, UNICEF
• How Bangladesh can reap benefits from green factories, TextileToday (optional)
• Hamburger vs. Wildlife: The Environmental Cost of Beef, Take Extinction Off Your Plate
• How Hollywood Is Reducing Its Carbon Footprint, Variety
• Can eco-tourism help save the ocean?, The Economist
• How Much Energy Does the Internet Use?, Hot Mess
• Why your internet habits are not as clean as you think, BBC (optional)

Green infrastructure

• Runoff Simulation, Model My Watershed
• Green Infrastructure for Runoff, TEDx
• Green Infrastructure Examples for Stormwater Management in the Hudson Valley, New York Department of Environmental Conservation
• Types of Green Infrastructure, NYC Environmental Protection

What can we do?

• Think You’re Making Good Climate Choices? Take This Mini-Quiz, The New York Times

Adaptation vs. mitigation

• Responding to Climate Change, NASA

Nature-based solutions

• The Solution to Climate Change is All Around Us, The YEARS Project
• Natural Climate Solutions, Natural Climate Solutions
• Can seaweed help curb global warming?, TED
• Hemp hemp hurray: a plant that can help solve climate change, The YEARS Project

Legislature

• What YOU can do about climate change, Our Changing Climate
• How the U.S. Protects the Environment, From Nixon to Trump, The Atlantic
• Who is Responsible for Climate Change?, Kurzgesagt
• Global carbon budget interactive, The New York Times
• The Green New Deal, Explained, Vox
• Why the Green New Deal will save the economy, not ruin it, The YEARS Project
• How the Green New Deal fixes more than just one problem, The YEARS Project
• The California model: make polluters pay, Climate Lab
• Why we need a carbon tax, and why it won't be enough, Yale Environment 360
• States are doing what big government won't to stop climate change, Inside Climate News
• A Green New Deal is already underway in states and cities, Inside Climate News
• The En-ROADS Guided Assignment, Climate Interactive

Spreading awareness

• Why humans are so bad at thinking about climate change?, Climate Lab
• The Biggest Lie About Climate Change, AsapSCIENCE
• We need to talk about climate change, The YEARS Project
• The Secret to Talking about Climate Change, Alliance for Climate Education
• Common Denier Arguments, California Governor's Office of Planning and Research
• How to talk to a climate skeptic: a complete list, Grist
• Skeptical Science, Skeptical Science
• If You Think Fighting Climate Change Will Be Expensive, Calculate the Cost of Letting It Happen, Harvard Business Review
• Why protests matter, Our Changing Climate
• Why you should be a climate activist, TED
• 6 tips for becoming a youth activist (as told by a youth activist), Grist

Innovative technologies

• What is CCUS?, CCS Association
• Direct air capture, Carbon Engineering
• What If GMOs Can Fight Climate Change?, Forbes
• Geoengineering: A Horrible Idea We Might Have to Do, Kurzgesagt
• A technofix for the climate? Atmospheric geoengineering, Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung
• Could Geoengineering save us from climate change?, Our Changing Climate
• Sidewalk Labs, Sidewalk Labs
• Stratospheric Aerosol Injection, Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung